{"id":1306,"date":"2018-09-29T15:52:38","date_gmt":"2018-09-29T08:52:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lagonet.vn\/?p=1306"},"modified":"2018-09-29T15:52:38","modified_gmt":"2018-09-29T08:52:38","slug":"route-selection-in-cisco-routers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/?p=1306","title":{"rendered":"Route Selection in Cisco Routers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"support-toc\" style=\"padding: 0px 0px 10px; border-width: 0px 0px 2px; border-image: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 13px; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1388.25px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff; border-color: initial initial #cccccc initial; border-style: initial initial solid initial; margin: 0px !important 0px 0px 0px;\">\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#intro\">Introduction<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#prereq\">Prerequisites<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#reqs\">Requirements<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#hw\">Components Used<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#conv\">Conventions<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#processes\">Processes Involved<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#building\">Building the Routing Table<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#broutes\">Backup Routes<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#adjust\">Adjusting the Administrative Distance<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#metrics\">How Metrics Determine the Route Selection Process<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#prefix\">Prefix Lengths<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#forwarding\">Making Forwarding Decisions<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h3\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#classless\">IP Classless<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#summary\">Summary<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"toc-h2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 14px 2px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html#related\">Related Information<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"intro\"><\/a>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">One of the intriguing aspects of Cisco routers, especially for those new to routing, is how the router chooses which route is the best among those presented by routing protocols, manual configuration, and various other means. While route selection is much simpler than you might imagine, to understand it completely requires some knowledge about the way Cisco routers work.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"prereq\"><\/a>Prerequisites<\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"reqs\"><\/a>Requirements<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">There are no specific prerequisites for this document.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"hw\"><\/a>Components Used<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"conv\"><\/a>Conventions<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">For more information on document conventions, see the\u00a0<a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk801\/tk36\/technologies_tech_note09186a0080121ac5.shtml\">Cisco Technical Tips Conventions<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"processes\"><\/a>Processes Involved<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">There are three processes involved in building and maintaining the routing table in a Cisco router:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 10px 0px 10px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">Various routing processes, which actually run a network (or routing) protocol, such as Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS), and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">The routing table itself, which accepts information from the routing processes and also replies to requests for information from the forwarding process.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">The forwarding process, which requests information from the routing table to make a packet forwarding decision.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Let&#8217;s examine the interaction between the routing protocols and the routing table to understand how the routing table is built.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"building\"><\/a>Building the Routing Table<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">The main considerations while building the routing table are:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 10px 0px 10px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">Administrative distance<\/span>\u00a0&#8211; This is the measure of trustworthiness of the source of the route. If a router learns about a destination from more than one routing protocol, administrative distance is compared and the preference is given to the routes with lower administrative distance. In other words, it is the believability of the source of the route.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">Metrics<\/span>\u00a0&#8211; This is a measure used by the routing protocol to calculate the best path to a given destination, if it learns multiple paths to the same destination. Each routing protocol uses a different metric.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">Prefix length<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">As each routing process receives updates and other information, it chooses the best path to any given destination and attempts to install this path into the routing table. For instance, if EIGRP learns of a path toward 10.1.1.0\/24, and decides this particular path is the best EIGRP path to this destination, it tries to install the path it has learned into the routing table.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">The router decides whether or not to install the routes presented by the routing processes based on the administrative distance of the route in question. If this path has the lowest administrative distance to this destination (when compared to the other routes in the table), it&#8217;s installed in the routing table. If this route isn&#8217;t the route with the best administrative distance, then the route is rejected.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">To understand this better, let&#8217;s look at an example. Assume a router has four routing processes running: EIGRP, OSPF, RIP, and IGRP. Now, all four of these processes have learned of various routes to the 192.168.24.0\/24 network, and each has chosen its best path to that network through its internal metrics and processes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Each of these four processes attempts to install their route toward 192.168.24.0\/24 into the routing table. The routing processes are each assigned an administrative distance, which is used to decide which route to install.<\/p>\n<table style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; table-layout: fixed; overflow: auto; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; width: 1345px; color: #58585b; height: auto !important;\" border=\"1\" width=\"60%\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"3\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\">\n<tbody style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<th style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border-width: 1px 1px 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: #cccccc; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; background-color: #e6e6e6;\" colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#CCCCFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">Default Administrative Distances<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">Connected<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">Static<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">eBGP<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">EIGRP (internal)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">90<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">IGRP<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">OSPF<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">110<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">IS-IS<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">115<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">RIP<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">120<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">EIGRP (external)<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">170<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">iBGP<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">EIGRP summary route<\/td>\n<td style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 7px; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 2px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" width=\"\" height=\"\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Since the internal EIGRP route has the best administrative distance (the smaller the administrative distance, the higher the preference), it&#8217;s installed in the routing table.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"broutes\"><\/a>Backup Routes<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">What do the other protocols, RIP, IGRP, and OSPF, do with the routes that weren&#8217;t installed? What if the most preferred route, learned from EIGRP, fails? Cisco IOS\u00ae Software uses two approaches to solve this problem: The first is to have each routing process attempt to install its best routes periodically. If the most preferred route fails, the next best route (according to administrative distance) succeeds on the next attempt. The other solution is for the routing protocol that failed to install its route in the table to hang on to the route, and tell the routing table process to report if the best path fails.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">For protocols that don&#8217;t have their own routing information tables, such as IGRP, the first method is used. Every time IGRP receives an update about a route, it attempts to install the updated information in the routing table. If there&#8217;s already a route to this same destination in the routing table, the installation attempt fails.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">For protocols that have their own database of routing information, such as EIGRP, IS-IS, OSPF, BGP, and RIP, a backup route is registered when the initial attempt to install the route fails. If the route installed in the routing table fails for some reason, the routing table maintenance process calls each routing protocol process that has registered a backup route, and asks them to reinstall the route in the routing table. If there are multiple protocols with registered backup routes, the preferred route is chosen based on administrative distance.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"adjust\"><\/a>Adjusting the Administrative Distance<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">The default administrative distance might not always be right for your network; you may want to adjust them so that RIP routes are preferred over IGRP routes, for instance. Before explaining how to adjust the administrative distances, we need to look at the implications of changing the administrative distance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Changing the administrative distance on routing protocols can be very dangerous! Changing the default distances can actually lead to routing loops and other oddities in your network. We recommend you change administrative distance with caution, and only after you have thought through what you want to achieve, and all the consequences of your actions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">For entire protocols, changing the distance is relatively easy; simply configure the distance using the\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">distance<\/span>\u00a0command in the routing process sub-configuration mode. You can also change the distance for routes learned from one source only in some protocols, and you can change the distance on just some routes. For more information, refer to\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: oblique; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk364\/technologies_configuration_example09186a0080b8a51c.shtml\">Adjust Administrative Distance for Route Selection in Cisco IOS Routers Configuration Example<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">For static routes, you can change the distance of each route by entering a distance after the\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">ip route<\/span>\u00a0command:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">ip route\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: italic; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">network subnet mask next hop distance<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">You can&#8217;t change the administrative distance for all the static routes at once.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"metrics\"><\/a>How Metrics Determine the Route Selection Process<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Routes are chosen and built in the routing table based on the routing protocol&#8217;s administrative distance. The routes learned from the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance are installed in the routing table. If there are multiple paths to the same destination from a single routing protocol, then the multiple paths would have the same administrative distance and the best path is selected based on the metrics. Metrics are values associated with specific routes, ranking them from most preferred to least preferred. The parameters used to determine the metrics differ for different routing protocols. The path with the lowest metric is selected as the optimal path and installed in the routing table. If there are multiple paths to the same destination with equal metrics, load balancing is done on these equal cost paths. For more information on load balancing see\u00a0<a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/technologies_tech_note09186a0080094820.shtml\">How Does Load Balancing Work?<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"prefix\"><\/a>Prefix Lengths<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Let&#8217;s look at another scenario to see how the router handles another common situation: varying prefix lengths. Assume, again, that a router has four routing processes running on it, and each process has received these routes:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 10px 0px 10px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">EIGRP (internal): 192.168.32.0\/26<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">RIP: 192.168.32.0\/24<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">OSPF: 192.168.32.0\/19<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Which of these routes will be installed in the routing table? Since EIGRP internal routes have the best administrative distance, it&#8217;s tempting to assume the first one will be installed. However, since each of these routes has a different prefix length (subnet mask), they&#8217;re considered different destinations, and they will all be installed in the routing table.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Let&#8217;s see how the forwarding engine uses the information from the routing table to make forwarding decisions.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"forwarding\"><\/a>Making Forwarding Decisions<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Let&#8217;s look at the three routes we just installed in the routing table, and see how they look on the router.<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: none; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<pre style=\"margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: courier; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: auto; max-width: 97%; height: auto;\">router# <span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">show ip route<\/span>\n     ....\n     D   192.168.32.0\/26 [90\/25789217] via 10.1.1.1\n     R   192.168.32.0\/24 [120\/4] via 10.1.1.2\n     O   192.168.32.0\/19 [110\/229840] via 10.1.1.3\n     ....\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">If a packet arrives on a router interface destined for 192.168.32.1, which route would the router choose? It depends on the prefix length, or the number of bits set in the subnet mask. Longer prefixes are always preferred over shorter ones when forwarding a packet.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">In this case, a packet destined to 192.168.32.1 is directed toward 10.1.1.1, because 192.168.32.1 falls within the 192.168.32.0\/26 network (192.168.32.0 to 192.168.32.63). It also falls within the other two routes available, but the 192.168.32.0\/26 has the longest prefix within the routing table (26 bits verses 24 or 19 bits).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Likewise, if a packet destined for 192.168.32.100 arrives on one of the router&#8217;s interfaces, it&#8217;s forwarded to 10.1.1.2, because 192.168.32.100 doesn&#8217;t fall within 192.168.32.0\/26 (192.168.32.0 through 192.168.32.63), but it does fall within the 192.168.32.0\/24 destination (192.168.32.0 through 192.168.32.255). Again, it also falls into the range covered by 192.168.32.0\/19, but 192.168.32.0\/24 has a longer prefix length.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"classless\"><\/a>IP Classless<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Where the\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">ip classless<\/span>\u00a0configuration command falls within the routing and forwarding processes is often confusing. In reality, IP classless only affects the operation of the forwarding processes in IOS; it doesn&#8217;t affect the way the routing table is built. If IP classless isn&#8217;t configured (using the\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">no ip classless<\/span>\u00a0command), the router won&#8217;t forward packets to supernets. As an example, let&#8217;s again place three routes in the routing table and route packets through the router.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">Note:\u00a0<\/span>If the supernet or default route is learned via IS-IS or OSPF, the\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">no ip classless<\/span>\u00a0configuration command is ignored. In this case, packet switching behavior works as though\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">ip classless<\/span>\u00a0were configured.<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: none; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<pre style=\"margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: courier; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: auto; max-width: 97%; height: auto;\">router# <span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">show ip route<\/span>\n....\n     172.30.0.0\/16 is variably  subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks\nD        172.30.32.0\/20 [90\/4879540] via  10.1.1.2\nD       172.30.32.0\/24  [90\/25789217] via 10.1.1.1\nS*   0.0.0.0\/0 [1\/0] via 10.1.1.3<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Remembering that the 172.30.32.0\/24 network includes the addresses 172.30.32.0 through 172.30.32.255, and the 172.30.32.0\/20 network includes the addresses 172.30.32.0 through 172.30.47.255, we can then try switching three packets through this routing table and see what the results are.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">\u00a0A packet destined to 172.30.32.1 is forwarded to 10.1.1.1, since this is the longest prefix match.<\/li>\n<li>A packet destined to 172.30.33.1 is forwarded to 10.1.1.2, since this is the longest prefix match.<\/li>\n<li>A packet destined to 192.168.10.1 is forwarded to 10.1.1.3; since this network doesn&#8217;t exist in the routing table, this packet is forwarded to the default route.<\/li>\n<li>A packet destined to 172.30.254.1 is dropped.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The surprising answer out of these four is the last packet, which is dropped. It&#8217;s dropped because its destination, 172.30.254.1, is within a known major network, 172.30.0.0\/16, but the router doesn&#8217;t know about this particular subnet within that major network.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">This is the essence of classful routing: If one part of a major network is known, but the subnet toward which the packet is destined within that major network is unknown, the packet is dropped.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">The most confusing aspect of this rule is that the router only uses the default route if the destination major network doesn&#8217;t exist in the routing table at all.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">This can cause problems in a network where a remote site, with one connection back to the rest of the network, is running no routing protocols, as illustrated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a class=\"show-image-alone\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" title=\"Related image, diagram or screenshot.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21a.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; max-width: 97%; position: relative; width: auto !important; height: auto !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21a.gif\" alt=\"21a.gif\" usemap=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">The remote site router is configured like this:<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: none; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<pre style=\"margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: courier; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: auto; max-width: 97%; height: auto;\">interface Serial 0\n     ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0\n   !\n   interface Ethernet 0\n     ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0\n   !\n   ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.1\n   !\n   no ip classless\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">With this configuration, the hosts at the remote site can reach destinations on the Internet (through the 10.x.x.x cloud), but not destinations within the 10.x.x.x cloud, which is the corporate network. Because the remote router knows about some part of the 10.0.0.0\/8 network, the two directly connected subnets, and no other subnet of 10.x.x.x, it assumes these other subnets don&#8217;t exist and drops any packets destined for them. Traffic destined to the Internet, however, doesn&#8217;t ever have a destination in the 10.x.x.x range of addresses, and is therefore correctly routed through the default route.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">Configuring\u00a0<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\">ip classless<\/span>\u00a0on the remote router resolves this problem by allowing the router to ignore the classful boundaries of the networks in its routing table and simply route to the longest prefix match it can find.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"summary\"><\/a>Summary<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">In summary, making a forwarding decision actually consists of three sets of processes: the routing protocols, the routing table, and the actual process which makes a forwarding decision and switches packets. These three sets of processes are illustrated, along with their relationship, below.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a class=\"show-image-alone\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" title=\"Related image, diagram or screenshot.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21b.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; max-width: 97%; position: relative; width: auto !important; height: auto !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21b.gif\" alt=\"21b.gif\" usemap=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/ip\/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp\/8651-21.html\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.375em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">The longest prefix match always wins among the routes actually installed in the routing table, while the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance always wins when installing routes into the routing table.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 23px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: inherit;\" name=\"related\"><\/a>Related Information<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"margin: 10px 0px 10px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: CiscoSans, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; color: #58585b; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/technologies_tech_note09186a0080094820.shtml?referring_site=bodynav\">How Does Load Balancing Work?<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/technologies_tech_note09186a0080094195.shtml?referring_site=bodynav\">What is Administrative Distance?<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tk207\/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">EIGRP Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tk80\/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">BGP Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tk352\/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">IGRP Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk364\/tsd_technology_support_protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">IP Routed Protocols Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tsd_technology_support_protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">IP Routing Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tk381\/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">IS-IS Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tk480\/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">OSPF Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/tech\/tk365\/tk554\/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html?referring_site=bodynav\">RIP Support Page<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: #6f53bc; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/cisco\/web\/support\/index.html?referring_site=bodynav\">Technical Support &#8211; Cisco Systems<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Prerequisites Requirements Components Used Conventions Processes Involved Building the Routing Table Backup Routes Adjusting the Administrative Distance How Metrics [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,31,25,16,19,6],"tags":[52,101,104],"class_list":["post-1306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ccie-rs","category-ccnp-route","category-cisco","category-courses","category-issues","category-networking","tag-cisco","tag-phong-van","tag-route-selection"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1306"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1306\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kb.lagonet.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}